Choix publics et adoption de la monnaie mobile pour une inclusion financière en Haïti

Abstract

Since 2010, mobile money has established itself as one of the most visible mechanisms for expanding access to financial services in Haiti. In a country where banking services remain limited and where cash transactions still largely structure the daily economy, mobile wallets (including MonCash) promise financial inclusion based on accessibility, lower transaction costs and smoother domestic and transnational transfers. This article analyzes the determinants of the adoption and inclusive effects of mobile money by articulating a micro reading (perceptions, skills, social profiles) and an institutional reading (regulation, coverage, network of agents). Mobilizing the theory of the incompatibility of public choices, the study highlights the tensions between the logic of profitability of operators, the objectives of territorial equity of public action and the ad hoc interventions of donors. Based on a survey of 313 users and interviews with key players, it shows that the expansion of mobile money depends, beyond innovation, on infrastructure, trust, interoperability and digital literacy programs that can transform technical access into effective capacity.